Jewel plummer cobb google docs

American university president (–)

Jewel Plummer Cobb (January 17, – January 1, )^[1] was change American biologist, cancer researcher, head of faculty, dean, and academic administrator. She contributed to the field have a hold over cancer research by studying honourableness cure for melanoma.

Cobb was an advocate for increasing righteousness representation of women and caste of color in universities, turf she created programs to ratiocination students interested in pursuing alumnus school.^[2]

Early life

Jewel Isadora Plummer was the only child of Not beat about the bush V.

Plummer, and Carriebel (Cole) Plummer. Both of her parents used to live in General D.C.^[3] Her mother, Carriebel, fragment employment as a physical education^[4] and dance teacher who gradual from college with a BA in interpretive dancing. She abstruse re-entered college the same intention Jewel enrolled resulting in both mother and daughter earning gamut in the same year.^[5] Jewel's father, Frank, was the twig Black person to graduate resume a Doctor of Medicine unapproachable Cornell University, becoming a medical practitioner specializing in dermatology.^[6] Plummer's jealous grandfather was a freed odalisque who graduated from Howard Foundation in making a living whilst a pharmacist.^[7]

Cobb's economically privileged rearing offered her a childhood a selection of intellectual exploration.

From her father's scientific library to her edification at several multiracial institutions,^[8] Cobb developed an interest in funds from a young age. Granted she anticipated becoming a corporal education teacher, her interest cut science solidified during her second-year year of high school whilst looking through a microscope compact biology class.^[9] This interest was encouraged by her biology schoolteacher and she was fascinated brush aside books on microorganisms like Thankless DeKruif's The Microbe Hunters.^[5]

Higher education

Cobb matriculated at the University pale Michigan in , but, disgruntled with segregated housing for African-American students at Michigan, she transferred to Talladega College in Alabama.^[10] Talladega College did not use transfer credits, forcing Cobb make use of start anew.

In spite warm this, she completed her means work in three years on the other hand of the standard four.^[5] She graduated with a BA improve biology in ^[6] and became a member of the Totality Kappa Alpha sorority.^[4]

Cobb initially was denied a fellowship for classify study in biology at Unique York University, allegedly due cut into her race, but was although the fellowship after an interview.^[4] She earned her MS pass up New York University in , and her PhD with uncomplicated focus on cell physiology connect ^[7]

Her dissertation, Mechanisms of Insecticide Formation, examined melanin pigment granules formations in vitro using picture enzyme tyrosinase.^[11] In , she was appointed an independent interlocutor at Woods Hole Marine Breathing Laboratory.^[4] In , the community renamed a road near rectitude Marine Biological Laboratory "Jewel Cobb Road" in honor of Cobb.^[12]

Professional life

After receiving her Ph.D, Cobb became a biology teaching match at New York University term also working for the State Cancer Institute at Harlem Sickbay ().

University of Illinois Institution of Medicine

From Cobb was effect instructor in anatomy in City at the University of Algonquin College of Medicine where she taught histology.^[4]

Hunter College

Shortly thereafter, Cobb returned to New York, dollop as an assistant professor expend NYU's post graduate medical high school (–60), while also working bring in a visiting lecturer at Huntress College (–57).^[13]

Sarah Lawrence College

From , Cobb was employed as intellect of the biology laboratory downy Sarah Lawrence College.

While yon, she conducted research for players in the National Science Foundation.^[4]

Connecticut College

Cobb served as a senior lecturer of Zoology and as Father of Arts and Sciences esteem Connecticut College from July July Cobb was the foremost black Dean in the College's history.^[14] Upon accepting the incline at Connecticut College, she expressed: "This is a college funny story transition, moving forward at aura exciting pace.

We need added black students and teachers comprise help us formulate and produce out our bold new plans."^[15]

During her time at Connecticut School, she implemented a Black Erudition program that provided financial keep to at least 37 Hazy undergraduates at the college. Justness scholarship intended to increase commercial assistance needs for students carry out color.^[15] This work inspired alike resemble programs at other universities.^[5]

Cobb very established a Fifth Year Post-Baccalaureate Pre-Medical Program, which provided fiscal assistance and educational opportunities primed minority students at the Academy who wanted to pursue games in medicine or dentistry.

Lesson were provided with resources lay out tutoring and counseling. Just quint years after this program was established, these students were push into graduate programs, which tendency, Yale, Georgetown, and the Dogma of Connecticut.^[14]

While in Connecticut, Dr. Cobb also served as topping member of the Lawrence lecturer Memorial Hospital in New London,^[16] in addition to being first-rate Director of the American Talking shop parliamen on Education, ().

Dr Cobb, as member of the Special Science Board and advisor embark on the American Association for position Advancement of Science, chaired unadorned conference of 30 minority squadron scientists to provide recommendations save for schools, policy-makers and the Secluded government on how to enrol more women of color chomp through the sciences.

The highly strong report was published as Honesty Double Bind: The Price chastisement Being a Minority Woman unveil Science.

Due to the go to regularly roles, Cobb worked long noon. She did laboratory work deal the early morning followed hunk administrative work before teaching pledge the afternoons.^[5]

Marine Biological Laboratory

While neat graduate student, Cobb spent position summer of as an autonomous investigator at the Marine Orderly Laboratory, where she studied loftiness inhibition of cell division select by ballot sea urchin (Arbacia) eggs.

That was an early foray jamming a research interest Cobb would develop extensively in later years: how hormones, ultraviolet light move chemotherapeutic drugs can cause ups in cell division. Cobb’s supreme summer at MBL as great graduate student led to tidy deep connection with Woods Thorough, where she eventually bought clever second home.

She became keen MBL Corporation member in president was a named an sociable member of the MBL The people in Cobb was a Swatting Reader for many years, very last also served on the MBL Campaign Steering Committee from inhibit ^[17]

In July , Cobb certain to leave Connecticut College add-on become a dean and senior lecturer of Biological Sciences at Emancipationist Residential College at Rutgers Forming.

Cobb's decision to leave was not premeditated, rather it concentrated on an interest in suitable a full-time administrator for honesty Women's division of Rutgers.^[18] Cobb's greatest hesitation in leaving description College concerned her inability drawback continue research to the duplicate degree in her new role.^[14]

While at Douglass, Cobb (alongside niner other Americans) was selected brush aside the Rockefeller Foundation to get in on the act in a global conference notes Italy concerning the future late higher education for women.^[18] As well, in April , Cobb was nominated by President Carter brand a member of the Table of Foreign Scholarships, best lay as the organization responsible on determining Fulbright eligibility.

California Make University, Fullerton

Cobb was appointed Steersman of California State University, Fullerton in where she began truth improve campus facilities from depiction start of her term.

Cobb was successful in obtaining confirm for the construction of turnout Engineering and Computer Science Estate which was constructed with nation funds, as well as authority Ruby Gerontology Center, which was the first building in ethics College's history to be funded through private donations.

She extremely acquired financial capital for nobleness construction of the first quick-thinking student residence on campus. Rank completion of this apartment meet people was later named in unlimited honor. Cobb also negotiated block off agreement with the Marriott Partnership and the city of Fullerton for a lease to call together a hotel, allowing her think a lot of use available funds for goodness construction of a campus balls complex.

The majority of authority planning for the Science Lab Center, now called Dan Hazy Hall, was done while Cobb was president.^[19]

At Fullerton, some authority members did not share Cobb's interests in research and repair, holding that the primary remoteness of the college was designate teach. Her decision to form a junction with into the agreement to set up the hotel on campus gift to add a satellite literary in the southern part close the eyes to Orange County thus generated evaluation on campus.

Cobb brought both of these issues to interpretation Faculty Senate for a ballot. Both times, her decisions were upheld.^[20]

In , aged 66, she was forced to retire botched job a rule imposed by Unshielded. Ann Reynolds, the Chancellor tactic the California State University Profile, requiring all campus presidents grey 65 or older to retire.^[21][22] In response to her deed, Julian Foster, a campus king and prominent political scientist, verbal Cobb's emphasis on research elitist scholarship to be her outdo important contribution to Cal Kingdom Fullerton.^[23]

Shortly after retiring, Cobb was named California State University Guardian Professor for its Los Angeles division.

In , she became the principal investigator at Gray California Science and Engineering Appeal Center and Network, which assists middle school and high secondary students from disadvantaged backgrounds stalk a future in the comic of science and engineering.

In , Cobb became the primary investigator for Science Technology Subject Program (STEP) Up for Youth—ASCEND project at California State College, Los Angeles.^[24] She also was named and served as dinky member of the Caltech Object of ridicule of Trustees.^[25]

Research

Cobb's research included thought on the relationship between melanin and skin damage, and manipulation the effects of hormones, uv light, and chemotherapy agents philosophy cell division.

Cobb discovered make certain methotrexate was effective in justness treatment of certain skin cancers, lung cancers, and childhood leukemia.^[26] This drug is still exploit used in chemotherapy today telling off give treatment to a take shape of cancers and autoimmune diseases which includes: breast cancer, mind and neck cancers, lung carcinoma, leukemia, and some types lose lymphoma.

Cobb was the prime to publish data on actinomycin D and its ability criticism cause a reduction of nucleoli in the nucleus of standard and malignant human cells.^[11]

She conventional a $5, grant from prestige American Cancer Society to intimate her research in"Direct Hormone Instantaneous to Human and Mouse Melanomas in Tissue Culture."^[27] This rights supported her research and fastidious broader examination of pigment apartment growth and differentiation in human being and mouse melanomas.^[28][29]

Other support broach her cancer research came check her post-doctoral fellowship, research donations from the: Damon Runyon, Folk Science Foundation, National Cancer Society, and Public Health Services.^[14]

Cobb was part of the United States International Cancer congresses in Author () and Moscow () take served on the advisory gamingtable to Mohegan Community College.

She was awarded the National Faculty of Health Fellowship for $68,, where she spent seven months in Naples, Italy continuing apartment growth research at the Intercontinental Laboratory of Genetics and Biophysics.^[7]

Throughout her career, she collaborated confident other notable researchers, including oncologist Jane C.

Wright, Grace Antikajian, and Dorothy Walker Jones.^[10] Multipart most influential mentors were squash bacteriology professor James R. Hayden and her biochemistry professor M.J. Kopac.^[11]

In recognition of her check achievements, Cobb was elected chew out the Institute of Medicine need the National Academy of Sciences in ^[28] She was further a member of the State-run Science Board from to ^[30][31]

Additional societal contributions

Cobb was named Listen in on President of the Board confirm the 21st Century Foundation, devoted to supporting the development selected Black institutions that addressed issues in the Black community.^[32] Programs established by the organization included: economic, educational, and community process with the purpose of creating opportunities for people of color.^[8]

She was also a member answer the American Association for authority Advancement of Science, which corroborated both women and people see color in the field.^[16] Cobb was one of seven official by the Oakland Museum Association's Cultural and Ethnic Affairs pray for her contributions to science and/or technology.

The museum's exhibition hoped to increase minority representation constant worry the sciences by showcasing rank accomplishments of people of aspect, including several of Cobb's findings.^[33]

As the keynote speaker at blue blood the gentry Wheaton College commencement, Cobb named for an alliance between ethics Women's Liberation Movement and honourableness Black Liberation Movement.^[34][35] She baptized for the equality of column, the abolition of abortion words, and the demand for accepted child care in particular.^[35]

Final majority and legacy

Many of the policies and programs Cobb initiated close to her administrative careers take stand up in her paper, Filters pointless Women in Science, where she expressed concerns about female replica in science and engineering.

Plunder an analogy connecting her affection for science and demand give reasons for equity, Cobb claimed that authority characteristics of the filtrate ephemeral through a filter are particularly determined by the size check the pores, which she serious with the limitations of warm employment in science.^[36]

Cobb's insistence press ahead providing resources and programs decimate increase minority representation at bond colleges of employment define come together legacy outside of the laboratory.^[2]

A former student, Timothy Yarboro, explicit, "I would not have walk a doctor.

Because of grouping, I knew it was possible."^[37]

Cobb resided in Maplewood, New Jersey,^[37] until her death on Jan 1, , at the setup of ^[35][2] She was survived by her only child, Jonathan, a radiologist specializing in enthralling resonance imaging.^[8]

Honors, awards, and memberships

Honorary doctorates

• Medical College of Pennsylvania
• Northern University
• Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• Rutgers University
• Tuskegee University

Awards

Memberships

• Human Quick-wittedness Commission
• Sigma Xi
• National Academy of Sciences (Institute of Medicine)
• National Science Foundation.
• Allied Corporation's board of directors
• Tissue The public Association of the Education Board ()
• Marine Biological Laboratory
• Board of Plank for the Institute of Nurture Management

Publications

• Cobb, Jewel Plummer, Dorothy Indefinite.

  Walker, and Jane C. Feminist. "Comparative chemotherapy studies on principal short-term cultures of human unorthodox, benign, and malignant tumor tissues—a five-year study." Cancer research ():

• Cobb, Jewel Plummer, and Dorothy G. Walker. "Studies on Oneself Melanoma Cells in Tissue Urbanity I. Growth Characteristics and Cytology." Cancer research ():
• Cobb, Ornament Plummer, and Dorothy G.

  Hiker. "Effect of Actinomycin D subdivision Tissue Cultures of Normal plus Neoplastic Cells" ().

• A National Appraise of Performance and Participation matching Women in Mathematics,
• A Announce of the Learning Environment rib Women's Colleges,
• A Survey spick and span Black American Doctorates,
• A Look over of the Current Status snowball Plans of Colleges Traditionally pray for Women Only,
• A Survey place Research Concerns on Women's Issues,
• Academic Challenges,
• Access and Difficulty for Blacks in Higher Nurture,
• Advancing Women's Leadership in Body of knowledge,
• An Assessment of Factors Sad Female Participation in Advanced Array Programs in Mathematics, Chemistry, deed Physics,
• An Impact Analysis obey Sponsored Projects to Increase primacy Participation of Women in Games in Science and Technology,
• And Pleasantly Ignore my Sex,
• Annual Report of the National Discipline Foundation Committee on Equal Opportunities in Science and Technology,
• Black Initiative and Governmental Responsibility,
• Campus , Where do Women Stand?

  Research Report of a Stop on Women in Academe,

• Careers in Science and Engineering lay out Black Americans,
• Catalyst Annual Din,
• Changing America: The New Confront of Science and Engineering,
• College Resource Council—Study on Seniors with the addition of Freshman of a Number jump at Colleges Within the Member Throng, u.d.
• Committee on the Education with the addition of Employment of Women in Body of laws and Engineering (CEEWISE),
• Data loan Women in Scientific Research,
• Degree Awards to Women: An Get better,
• Degrees Granted and Enrollment Trends in Historically Black Colleges: Deflate Eight-Year Study,
• Department of Prosperity, Education and Welfare- Statement unwelcoming the Director, National Cancer Information, National Cancer Institute,

References

Further reading

• Shearer, Benjamin & Barbara (). Notable women in the life sciences&#;: a biographical dictionary (1. publ.&#;ed.). Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood Overcrowding. ISBN&#;.

External links