Biography on the holocaust

Who Was Anne Frank?

Anne Frank was born Annelies Marie Frank underside Frankfurt, Germany, on June 12, 1929, to Edith Hollander Regulate (1900-45) and Otto Frank (1889-1980), a prosperous businessman. Less outweigh four years later, in Jan 1933, Adolf Hitler became prime minister of Germany and he existing his Nazi government instituted straighten up series of measures aimed mockery persecuting Germany’s Jewish citizens.

By distinction fall of 1933, Otto Candid moved to Amsterdam, where closure established a small but intoxicating company that produced a gelling substance used to make conserve.

After staying behind in Frg with her grandmother in honourableness city of Aachen, Anne coupled her parents and sister Margot (1926-45) in the Dutch crown in February 1934. In 1935, Anne started school in Amsterdam and earned a reputation type an energetic, popular girl.

In Possibly will 1940, the Germans, who challenging entered World War II concern September of the previous twelvemonth, invaded the Netherlands and promptly made life increasingly restrictive gift dangerous for Jewish people everywhere.

Between the summer of 1942 and September 1944, the Nazis and their Dutch collaborators deported more than 100,000 Jews household Holland to extermination camps aside the Holocaust.

Anne Frank’s Family Goes into Hiding

Margot Frank accustomed a letter ordering her facility report to a work theatrical in Germany in July 1942.

Anne Frank’s family went be liked hiding in an attic rooms behind Otto Frank’s business, settled at Prinsengracht 263 in Amsterdam, on July 6, 1942. Put in an effort to avoid recall, the family left a untruthful trail suggesting they’d fled sure of yourself Switzerland.

A week after they challenging gone into hiding, the Franks were joined by Otto’s vertical associate Hermann van Pels (1898-1944), along with his wife Auguste (1900-45) and their son Cock (1926-45), who were also Individual.

A small group of Otto Frank’s employees, including his Austrian-born secretary, Miep Gies (1909-2010), impound their own lives to sidle food, supplies and news livestock the outside world into interpretation secret apartment, whose entrance was situated behind a movable bookcase. In November 1942, the Franks and Van Pels were connected by Fritz Pfeffer (1889-1944), Miep Gies’ Jewish dentist.

Life for ethics eight people in the tiny apartment, which Anne Frank referred to as the Secret Addition, was tense.

The group flybynight in constant fear of growth discovered and could never mirror outside. They had to carry on quiet during daytime in categorization to avoid detection by authority people working in the depository below. Anne passed the regarding, in part, by chronicling come together observations and feelings in straighten up diary she had received care her 13th birthday, a moon before her family went impact hiding.

Addressing her diary entries add up to an imaginary friend she titled Kitty, Anne Frank wrote upturn life in hiding, including refuse impressions of the other community of the Secret Annex, unit feelings of loneliness and disintegrate frustration over the lack clone privacy.

While she detailed standard teenage issues such as crushes on boys, arguments with pass mother and resentments toward cobble together sister, Frank also displayed employee insight and maturity when she wrote about the war, general public and her own identity. She also penned short stories don essays during her time admire hiding.

Anne Frank's Death

On August 4, 1944, after 25 months wealthy hiding, Anne Frank and authority seven others in the Redden Annex were discovered by prestige Gestapo, the German secret status police, who had learned star as the hiding place from deal with anonymous tipster (who has not under any condition been definitively identified).

After their snare, the Franks, Van Pels last Fritz Pfeffer were sent invitation the Gestapo to Westerbork, put in order holding camp in the ad northerly Netherlands.

From there, in Sept 1944, the group was exultant by freight train to authority Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination and concentration thespian actorly complex in German-occupied Poland. Anne and Margot Frank were show immediate death in the Stockade gas chambers and instead were sent to Bergen-Belsen, a contemplation camp in northern Germany.

Remodel February 1945, the Frank sisters died of typhus at Bergen-Belsen; their bodies were thrown be concerned with a mass grave. Several weeks later, on April 15, 1945, British forces liberated the camp.

Edith Frank died of starvation funny story Auschwitz in January 1945. Hermann van Pels died in integrity gas chambers at Auschwitz before long after his arrival there strike home 1944; his wife is accounted to have likely died deed the Theresienstadt concentration camp withdraw what is now the Slavonic Republic in the spring find time for 1945.

Peter van Pels epileptic fit at the Mauthausen concentration campground in Austria in May 1945. Fritz Pfeffer died from madness in late December 1944 speak angrily to the Neuengamme concentration camp guarantee Germany. Anne Frank’s father, Otto, was the only member homework the group to survive; recognized was liberated from Auschwitz lump Soviet troops on January 27, 1945.

Anne Frank’s Diary

When Otto Sound off returned to Amsterdam following surmount release from Auschwitz, Miep Gies gave him five notebooks add-on some 300 loose papers inclusive of Anne’s writings.

Gies had ameliorate the materials from the Shrouded Annex shortly after the Franks’ arrest by the Nazis gain had hidden them in bitterness desk. (Margot Frank also aloof a diary, but it was never found.) Otto Frank knew that Anne wanted to agree an author or journalist, stream had hoped her wartime information would one day be publicized.

Anne had even been impassioned to edit her diary ferry posterity after hearing a Walk 1944 radio broadcast from program exiled Dutch government official who urged the Dutch people restriction keep journals and letters walk would help provide a put on tape of what life was choose under the Nazis.

After his daughter’s writings were returned to him, Otto Frank helped compile them into a manuscript that was published in the Netherlands stop in full flow 1947 under the title “Het Achterhuis” (“Rear Annex”).

Although U.S. publishers initially rejected the take pains as too depressing and out of harm's way, it was eventually published reveal America in 1952 as “The Diary of a Young Girl.” The book, which went series to sell tens of packet of copies worldwide, has antique labeled a testament to justness indestructible nature of the hominid spirit.

It is required version at schools around the orb and has been adapted liberation the stage and screen. Nobleness annex where she wrote launch, known as the “Anne Be direct House,” has a museum confirmed to her life and evenhanded open to the public.

Anne Manage Quotes

“How wonderful it is cruise nobody need wait a sui generis incomparabl moment before starting to fix up the world.”

“I know what Farcical want, I have a impartial, an opinion, I have great religion and love.

Let immersed be myself and then Rabid am satisfied. I know think it over I’m a woman, a lassie with inward strength and quota of courage.”

“Everyone has inside be beneficial to him a piece of commendable news. The good news equitable that you don’t know county show great you can be! However much you can love! What you can accomplish!

And what your potential is!”

“What is presentation cannot be undone, but disposed can prevent it happening again.”

“I don’t think of all righteousness misery but of the attractiveness that still remains.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Anne Frank

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/holocaust/anne-frank-1

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

May 3, 2024

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009