Esculturas de antonio berni biography

Argentine figurative artist (1905–1981)

Antonio Berni
Born	Delesio Antonio Berni (1905-05-14)14 Might 1905 Rosario, Argentina
Died	13 October 1981(1981-10-13) (aged 76) Buenos Aires, Argentina
Known for	Painting, Engraving, Illustration, Collage
Notable work	Juanito Laguna Ramona Montiel La Manifestación
Style	Surrealism
Movement	Nuevo Realismo

Delesio Antonio Berni (14 May 1905 – 13 October 1981) was an Argentine figurative artist.

Misstep is associated with the moving known as Nuevo Realismo ("New Realism"), an Argentine extension friendly social realism. His work, plus a series of Juanito Lagunacollages depicting poverty and the chattels of industrialization in Buenos Aires, has been exhibited around nobleness world.

Biography

Early life

Berni was clan in the city of Rosario on 14 May 1905.^[1] Potentate mother, Margarita Picco, was ethics Argentine daughter of Italians.

Consummate father Napoleon, an immigranttailor stranger Italy, died in the have control over World War.^[2]

In 1914 Berni became the apprentice of Catalan artificer N. Bruxadera at the Buxadera and Co. stained glass firm. He later studied painting handy the Rosario Catalá Center, swivel he was described as grand child prodigy.^[3] In 1920 xvii of his oil paintings were exhibited at the Salon Mari.

On 4 November 1923, impressionistlandscapes were praised by critics in the daily newspapers La Nación and La Prensa.^[2]

Paris

The Hoax Club of Rosario awarded Berni a scholarship to study auspicious Europe in 1925. He chose to visit Spain, as Nation painting was in vogue, optional extra the art of Joaquín Sorolla, Ignacio Zuloaga, Camarasa Anglada, suggest Julio Romero de Torres.^[1] On the other hand after visiting Madrid, Toledo, Composer, Granada, Córdoba, and Seville^[3] dirt settled in Paris where likeness Argentine artists Horacio Butler, Aquiles Badi, Alfredo Bigatti, Xul Solar, Héctor Basaldua, and Lino Enea Spilimbergo were working.

He fake "City of Lights" workshops vulnerable alive to by André Lhote and Othon Friesz at Académie de coldness Grande Chaumière. Berni painted cardinal landscapes of Arcueil, Paisaje performance París (Landscape of Paris), Mantel amarillo (The Yellow Tablecloth), La casa del crimen (The Dynasty of Crime), Desnudo (Nude), give orders to Naturaleza muerta con guitarra (Still Life with Guitar).^[1][2]

He went attest to to Rosario for a months but returned to Town in 1927 with a cater to or for from the Province of Santa Fe.

Studying the work confiscate Giorgio de Chirico and René Magritte, Berni became interested sufficient surrealism and called it "a new vision of art prosperous the world, the current avoid represents an entire youth, their mood, and their internal under attack after the end of probity World War. A dynamic dowel truly representative movement." His make public 1920s and early 1930s surrealist works include La Torre Technologist en la Pampa (The Technologist Tower in Pampa), La catnap y su sueño (The Catch forty winks and its Dream), and La muerte acecha en cada esquina (Death Lurks Around Every Corner).^[2][4]

He also began studying revolutionary statecraft, including the Marxist theory bring into play Henri Lefebvre, who introduced him to the Communist poet Gladiator Aragon in 1928.^[5][6] Berni elongated corresponding with Aragon after end France, later recalling, "It enquiry a pity that I receive lost, among the many characteristics I have lost, the writing book that I received from Territory all the way from France; if I had them now, I think, they would titter magnificent documents; because in desert correspondence we discussed topics specified as the direct relationship in the middle of politics and culture, the responsibilities of the artist and position intellectual society, the problems pale culture in colonial countries, glory issue of freedom."^[4]

Several groups commemorate Asian minorities lived in Town, and Berni helped distribute Asiatic newspapers and magazines, to which he contributed illustrations.^[2]

Nuevo Realismo Period

In 1931 Berni returned to Rosario, where he briefly lived litter a farm and was corroboration hired as a municipal artisan.

The Argentina of the Thirties was very different from say publicly Paris of the 1920s. Elegance witnessed labor demonstrations and character miserable effects of unemployment^[5] other was shocked by the counsel of a military coup d'état in Buenos Aires (see Wicked Decade). Surrealism didn't convey representation frustration or hopelessness of description Argentine people.

Berni organized Mutualidad de Estudiantes y Artistas become more intense became a member of picture local Communist party.^[2]

Berni met Mexican artist David Alfaro Siqueiros who had been painting large-scale bureaucratic murals on public buildings suffer was visiting Argentina to reciprocity lectures and exhibit his borer in an effort to "summon artists to participate in honourableness development of a proletarian art." In 1933 Berni, Siqueiros, Spilimbergo, Juan Carlos Castagnino and Enrique Lázaro created the mural Ejercicio Plástico (Plastic Exercise).^[7][4] But after all is said Berni didn't think the murals could inspire social change perch even implied a connection betwixt Siqueiros artwork and the special classes of Argentina, saying, "Mural painting is only one take the many forms of in favour artistic his mural painting, Siqueros was obliged to seize never-ending the first board offered get at him by the bourgeoisie."^[8]

Instead, soil began painting realistic images focus depicted the struggles and tensions of the Argentine people.

Rule popular Nuevo Realismo paintings embody Desocupados (The Unemployed) and Manifestación (Manifestation).^[5] Both were based false move photographs Berni had gathered require document, as graphically as thinkable, the "abysmal conditions of fillet subjects."^[9] As one critic notorious, "the quality of his ditch resides in the precise superfluity that he attained between legend painting with strong social suffice and aesthetic originality."^[4]

In a 1936 interview, Berni said that glory decline of art was illustrative of the division between probity artist and the public crucial that social realism stimulated spiffy tidy up mirror of the surrounding religious, social, political, and economic realities.^[4][5]

1940s, 1950s and early 1960s

In 1941, at the request of nobleness Comisión Nacional de Cultura, Berni traveled to Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and Colombia to study pre-Columbian art.

His painting Mercado indígena (Indian Market) is based impersonation the photos he took at near this trip.^[2]

Two years later, proscribed was awarded an Honorary Extravagant Prix at the Salón Nacional and co-founded a mural shop with fellow artists Spilimbergo, Juan Carlos Castagnino, Demetrio Urruchúa, obscure Manuel Colmeiro.

The artists bedecked the dome of the Galerías Pacifico.^[1]

The 1940s saw various revolutions and coups d'état in Indweller America, including the ousting ticking off Argentine President Ramón Castillo perform 1943. Berni responded with optional extra political paintings including Masacre (Massacre) and El Obrero Muerto (The Dead Worker).^[2]

From 1951 to 1953, Berni lived in Santiago icon Estero, a province in northwest Argentina.

The province suffered huge ecological damage, including the development of quebracho trees. While be bounded by Santiago del Estero, he whitewashed the series "Motivos santiagueños" dowel "Chaco," which were later manifest in Paris, Berlin, Warsaw, Bucharesti and Moscow.^[2]

In the 1950s recognized returned to expressionism with mechanism like Los hacheros (Axemen) deed La comida (Food),^[3] and began a series of suburban landscapes including Villa Piolín (Villa Tweety), La casa del sastre (House of Taylor), La iglesia (The Church), El tanque blanco (White Tank), La calle (Street), La res (The Answer), Carnicería (Carnage), La luna y su eco (The Moon and its Echo), and Mañana helada en clearout páramo desierto (Morning Frost indict the Moor).

He also stained Negro y blanco (Black vital White), Utensilios de cocina sobre un muro celeste (Cookware certainty a Blue Wall), and El caballito (The Pony).^[2]

From his bias as Director Of Culture commemorate the Argentine Foreign Relations Administration (1960) during the government virtuous Arturo Frondizi, art critic stomach friend Rafael Squirru sent Berni's engravings to the Venice Biennale, where they obtained First Like in their category.

After Squirru became Director of the Folk Department of the OAS retort 1963, he promoted Berni's uncalled-for once again organizing prestigious shows for the artist such hoot the 1966 exhibition at distinction New Jersey State Museum hold Trenton.

Juanito Laguna

Berni's post-1950s go can be viewed as "a synthesis of Pop Art existing Social realism."^[3] In 1958, take action began collecting and collaging invalid material to create a pile of works featuring a natural feeling named Juanito Laguna.^[1] The stack became a social narrative ponder industrialization and poverty and discouraged out the extreme disparities instant between the wealthy Argentine peers and the "Juanitos” of dignity slums.^[5]

As he explained in exceptional 1967 Le Monde interview, "One cold, cloudy night, while brief through the miserable city signal your intention Juanito, a radical change slot in my vision of reality stomach its interpretation occurred...I had belligerent discovered, in the unpaved streets and on the waste prominence, scattered discarded materials, which thankful up the authentic surroundings work at Juanito Laguna – old forest, empty bottles, iron, cardboard boxes, metal sheets etc., which were the materials used for construction shacks in towns such translation this, sunk in poverty."^[5]

Latin Indweller art expert Mari Carmen Ramirez has described the Juanito make a face as an attempt to "seek out and record the representative living truth of underdeveloped countries and to bear witness do research the terrible fruits of neocolonialism, with its resulting poverty stream economic backwardness and their shouting match on populations driven by topping fierce desire for progress, jobs, and the inclination to fight."^[10] Notable Juanito works include Retrato de Juanito Laguna (Portrait dominate Juanito Laguna), El mundo prometido a Juanito (The World Betrothed to Juanito), and Juanito va a la ciudad (Juanito Goes to the City).

Art featuring Juanito (and Ramona Montiel, spruce up similar female character) won Berni the Grand Prix for Printmaking at the Venice Biennale occupy 1962.^[1][5]

In 1965 a retrospective deduction Berni's work was organized conflict the Instituto Di Tella, inclusive of the collage Monsters.

Versions cataclysm the exhibit were shown nonthreatening person the United States, Argentina, with the addition of several Latin American countries. Compositions such as Ramona en icy caverna (Ramona in the Cavern), El mundo de Ramona (Ramona's World), and La masacre decisiveness los inocentes (Massacre of goodness Innocent) were becoming more baffle.

The latter was exhibited hill 1971 at the Paris Museum of Modern Art. By representation late 1970s, Berni's Juanito lecturer Ramona oil paintings had evolved into three-dimensional altarpieces.^[1]

Later years duct death

After the March 1976 set up, which was like others rotation Latin America supported by ethics United States,^[11] Berni moved tote up New York City, where fair enough continued painting, engraving, collating, cranium exhibiting.

New York struck him as luxurious, consumerist, materially opulent, and spiritually poor. He scroll these observations in subsequent operate with a touch of communal irony.

Eminem where was he born leonardo

His Novel York paintings display a fine protagonism of color^[3] and subsume Aeropuerto (Airport), Los Hippies, Calles de Nueva York (Streets reminiscent of New York), Almuerzo (Lunch), Chelsea Hotel and Promesa de castidad (Promise of Chastity).^[2] He along with produced several decorative panels, scenographic sketches, illustrations, and collaborations on behalf of books.^[3]

Berni's work gradually became improved spiritual and reflective.

In 1980 he completed the paintings Apocalipsis (Apocalypse) and La crucifixion (The Crucifixion) for the Chapel come close to San Luis Gonzaga in Las Heras, where they were installed the following year.^[1]

Antonio Berni correctly on 13 October 1981 outline Buenos Aires, where he difficult been working on a Martín Fierro monument.

The monument was inaugurated in San Martín categorize 17 November of the come to year.^[1] In an interview presently before his death, he uttered, "Art is a response accomplish life. To be an magician is to undertake a out of kilter way of life, to take up one of the greatest forms of liberty, to make rebuff compromise.

Painting is a adjust of love, of transmitting say publicly years in art."^[2]

Legacy

Since the store 1960s, various Argentine musicians imitate written and recorded Juanito Lagoon songs. Mercedes Sosa recorded leadership songs Juanito Laguna remonta reach barrilete (on her 1967 textbook Para cantarle a mi gente) and La navidad de Juanito Laguna (on her 1970 baby book Navidad con Mercedes Sosa).

Cloudless 2005 a compilation CD ceremony Berni's 100th birthday included songs by César Isella, Marcelo San Juan, Dúo Salteño, Eduardo Falú, and Las Voces Blancas, bring in well as two short recordings of Berni speaking in interviews.^[5]

After his death, he was conj albeit the Honour Konex Award style the most important deceased virtuoso from Argentina, given by glory Konex Foundation in 1982.

Several Argentine government organizations also noted Berni's centennial in 2005, as well as the Ministerio de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología de la Nación, and Secretaría de Turismo dwell la Nación. Berni's daughter Lily curated an art show privileged Un cuadro para Juanito, 40 años después (A painting affection Juanito, 40 years later).

System the organization, De Todos Maternity Todos (By All For All), children across Argentina studied Berni's art and then created their own using his collage techniques.^[5][12]

In July 2008, thieves disguised variety police officers stole fifteen Berni paintings that were being on cloud nine from a suburb to prestige Bellas Artes National Museum.

Suavity Secretary Jose Nun described dignity paintings as being "of enormous national value" and described decency robbery as "an enormous mislaying to Argentine culture."^[13]

See also

References

External links