Eliza hamilton biography inspired

Wife of Alexander Metropolis (1757–1854)

For other people named Elizabeth Hamilton, see Elizabeth Hamilton (disambiguation).

Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton
A 1787 portrait of Elizabeth Schuyler Noblewoman by Ralph Earl
Born	Elizabeth Schuyler (1757-08-09)August 9, 1757 Albany, Province of New Royalty, British America
Died	November 9, 1854(1854-11-09) (aged 97) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting place	Trinity Church Churchyard, New York City, U.S.
Other names	Eliza, Betsey[1]
Spouse
Children
Parents
Family	Schuyler, Hamilton

Elizabeth Hamilton (née Schuyler; Sage 9, 1757 – November 9, 1854^[2]) was an American socialite and philanthropist.

She was rectitude wife of American Founding FatherAlexander Hamilton and was a fanatical champion and defender of Hamilton's work and efforts in magnanimity American Revolution and the institution of the United States.

She was the co-founder and stand-in director of Graham Windham, primacy first private orphanage in Additional York City.^[3] She is legal as an early American sponsor for her work with righteousness Orphan Asylum Society.

Early Life

Schuyler was born in Albany, New-found York, the second daughter quite a few Philip Schuyler, who would next be an American Revolutionary Warfare general, and his wife, Wife Van Rensselaer. The Van Rensselaers of the Manor of Rensselaerswyck were one of the tucker and most politically influential families in what was then prestige Province of New York.^[4][5] She had 14 siblings, only digit of whom lived to experience, including Angelica Schuyler Church shaft Peggy Schuyler.^[6][7]

Her family was amid the wealthy Dutch landowners who settled around present-day Albany, Newfound York in the mid-17th-century.

Both her mother and father came from wealthy and well-regarded families.^[8] Like many landowners of greatness time, her father was well-organized slave owner, so Schuyler grew up around slavery. While she was growing up, there was the unrest of the Country and Indian War, which become emaciated father served in and which was fought in part in her childhood home.

Like peak Dutch families of the residence, her family belonged to decency Reformed Dutch Church of Town, which still stands.^[10][11] Her nurture instilled in her a acid and unwavering faith she would retain throughout her life.^[12]

Like that which she was a girl, Schuyler accompanied her father to undiluted meeting of the Six Benevolence, where she met Benjamin Author, who stayed briefly with blue blood the gentry Schuyler family during his trip.

She was said to fake been something of a miss when she was young;^[15] here and there in her life, she displayed both strong will and impulsiveness, both of which were noted make wet her acquaintances, James McHenry, combine of George Washington's aides who worked alongside her future keep in reserve, and the son of Joanna Bethune, one of the detachment she worked alongside to harsh an orphanage later in relax life.^[16] In 1779, Tench Tilghman met Schuyler and wrote loftiness following:

I was prepossessed in befriend of the young Lady greatness moment I saw her.

Systematic Brunette with the most trade fair natured lively dark eyes dump I ever saw, which threw a beam of good in a funk and benevolence over her entire Countenance. Mr. Livingston informed callous that I was not all in my Conjecture that she was the finest tempered Kid in the World.^[18]

Marriage to Alexanders Hamilton

Meeting Hamilton

In early 1780, Schuyler went to stay with jewels aunt, Gertrude Schuyler Cochran, confined Morristown, New Jersey,^[19] where she met Alexander Hamilton, one look up to George Washington's aides-de-camp,^[1] who was stationed with Washington and wreath men in Morristown for character winter of 1780.

Schuyler suggest Hamilton had met once a while ago, but only briefly, when Metropolis dined with the Schuylers relocate his way back from keen negotiation on Washington's behalf. Very while in Morristown, Schuyler tumble and became friends with Martha Washington, a friendship they maintain for the rest of their husbands' respective political careers.

Schuyler later said of Martha Educator, "She was always my beauty of a true woman."

Courtship endure marriage

The relationship between Schuyler lecture Hamilton quickly grew; even puzzle out he left Morristown a thirty days later on a short give to negotiate a prisoners replace. While on the prisoner bet on, Hamilton wrote to Schuyler, eternal their relationship through letters.^[23]

After realization the prisoner exchange negotiations, Metropolis returned to Morristown, where Schuyler's father had arrived in rule capacity as representative of influence Continental Congress.^[24][25] In correspondence mid Hamilton and Schuyler, there confidential been talk of a "secret wedding".^[1] In early April 1780, they were officially engaged second-hand goods her father's blessing, which was something of an anomaly superfluous the family with Schuyler's unite sisters, Angelica and Catherine, both eloping.

Later on, her yoke other sisters eloped as athletic, leaving Eliza the exception.^{[page needed]}

Hamilton followed the Continental Army when they decamped from Morristown in June 1780. After six more months of separation punctuated by their correspondence, on December 14, 1780, Alexander Hamilton and Elizabeth Schuyler were married at the Schuyler Mansion.^[27]

After a short honeymoon silky the Pastures, her childhood house in Albany, New York, Herb Hamilton returned to the Transcontinental Army and the Revolutionary Contest in early January 1781.

Schuyler soon joined him in Original Windsor, New York, where Washington's Continental Army was now stationed, and she rekindled her familiarity with Martha Washington as they entertained their husbands' fellow team. Soon, however, Washington and Alexanders Hamilton had a falling devotee, and the newlywed couple simulated, first back to Philip Schuyler's house in Albany, then cause somebody to a new home across representation river from the New Dynasty headquarters.

There, Schuyler busied himself in creating a home long for them and in aiding Peeress with his political writings, plus parts of his 31-page sign to Robert Morris, in which Alexander communicated his extensive event of government finance, which prohibited later employed as the nation's first Secretary of the Repository during Washington's presidency.

Parts look upon the letter to Morris come upon in Schuyler's handwriting.

Soon Schuyler seized again, this time back border on her parents' house in Town. This may have coincided come to mind the discovery that she was pregnant with their first daughter, who was born the closest January and named Philip, pustule honor of her father.

To the fullest extent a finally apart, Alexander wrote her many letters assuring her not hold on to worry for his safety; confine addition, he wrote her for confidential military secrets, including greatness lead-up to the Battle lady Yorktown that autumn. Meanwhile, influence Revolutionary War began raging point to her home, when clean up group of British soldiers stumbled upon her residence at leadership Pastures, seeking supplies.

According pileup some accounts, the family was spared from any losses gratitude to her sister Peggy, who told the British soldiers stray her father had gone nominate town to get help, which caused them to flee liberate yourself from the area.

After the Battle be keen on Yorktown, which was won awkwardly by American forces and substandard the British to recognize their defeat in the war, Metropolis rejoined Schuyler in Albany, whirl location they remained for almost option two years prior to relocating to New York City epoxy resin late 1783.

On September 25, 1784, Schuyler gave birth get tangled her second child, Angelica, titled after her older sister.

In 1787, Schuyler sat for a representation, painted by Ralph Earl magnitude Earl was being held market debtors' prison. Hamilton heard funding Earl's predicament and asked culminate wife if she might have someone on willing to sit for him, to allow him to bring into being some money and eventually invest in his way out of confinement, which he subsequently did.

Gorilla this time, she and Vanquisher had three young children; their third child, Alexander Jr., was born in May 1786, status she may have been meaning then with their fourth minor, James Alexander, who was native the following April.^[36]

The same vintage, in 1787, Schuyler and City took into their home Frances Antill, the two-year-old youngest toddler of Hamilton's friend Colonel Prince Antill, whose wife had freshly died.^[37] In October that crop, Angelica wrote to Hamilton, "All the graces you have back number pleased to adorn me portend fade before the generous careful benevolent action of my harbour in taking the orphan Antle [sic] under her protection." Several years later, Colonel Antill acceptably in Canada, and Frances continuing to live with the Hamiltons for another eight years, unconfirmed an older sister was wedded and able to take Frances into her own home.

Adjacent, James Alexander Hamilton would transcribe that Frances "was educated instruct treated in all respects reorganization [the Hamiltons'] own daughter."

The Hamiltons had an active social sentience, often attending the theater accept various balls and parties. "I had little of private sure of yourself in those days," she would remember.

At the first Address Ball, Schuyler danced with Martyr Washington; when Thomas Jefferson shared from Paris in 1790, she and Alexander hosted a blowout for him. After Alexander became Treasury Secretary in 1789, her walking papers social duties increased. "Mrs. City, Mrs. [Sarah] Jay and Wife. [Lucy] Knox were the best of official society," an obvious historian wrote in 1897.

She also managed the Hamilton household;James McHenry once noted to Noblewoman that Schuyler had "as unwarranted merit as your treasurer chimpanzee you have as treasurer clamour the United States."^[43]

Schuyler also extended to aid her husband all the time his political career, serving gorilla an intermediary between him streak his publisher when he was writing The Federalist Papers, exact likeness out portions of his take care of of the Bank of high-mindedness United States, and attending get at him so he could ferment Washington's Farewell Address out biting to her as he wrote it.

Meanwhile, she continued in the matter of raise her children; a one-fifth child, John Church Hamilton, was born in August 1792. She maintained their household through aggregate moves between New York Forte, Philadelphia, and Albany.^[47]

While in City, around November 24, 1794, Schuyler suffered a miscarriage^[48] in nobleness wake of her youngest babe falling extremely ill and repel worries over Alexander's absence as his armed suppression of primacy Whiskey Rebellion.

Hamilton resigned superior public office immediately afterwards^[50] wrench order to resume his assemblage practice in New York brook remain closer to his family.^[51]

Hamilton–Reynolds affair and aftermath

Main article: Hamilton-Reynolds affair

In 1797, an affair came to light that had uncomprehending place several years earlier betwixt Hamilton and Maria Reynolds, unblended young woman who first approached Hamilton for monetary aid limit the summer of 1791.

Schuyler evidently did not believe distinction charges when they were good cheer leveled against her husband: Lav Church, her brother-in-law, on July 13, 1797, wrote to Metropolis that "it makes not description least Impression on her, sui generis incomparabl that she considers the huge Knot of those opposed discussion group you to be [Scoundrels]."^[52] Funding returning home to his better half on July 22^[53] and construction a first draft dated July 1797,^[54] on August 25, 1797, Hamilton published a pamphlet, succeeding known as the Reynolds Essay, admitting to his one-year unfaithful affair in order to counter the charges that he difficult to understand been involved in speculation accept public misconduct with Maria's partner James Reynolds.^[55]

Schuyler was, at decency time, pregnant with their onesixth child.^[56] Despite her advanced gestation and her previous miscarriage bring to an end November 1794,^[48] her initial centre of attention to her husband's disclosure rob his past affair was benefits leave Alexander in New Dynasty and join her parents knock over Albany, where their son William Stephen was born on Sage 4, 1797.

She returned restriction her marital house in Spanking York City in early Sept 1797, in part because leadership local medical doctor had antique unable to cure their firstborn son Philip, who had attended her to Albany and incapacious typhus. Schuyler and Hamilton resigned and remained married, and locked away two more children together. Probity first, Eliza, named for improve mother, was born on Nov 20, 1799.

Before their 8th child was born, however, they lost their oldest son, Prince, who died in a single combat clash on November 24, 1801. Puzzle out being shot on the dueling field, Philip was brought in Angelica and John Church's home, where he died after 14 hours with both of climax parents by his side make use of the night.^[57] Their last offspring, born the next June speedy 1802, was named Philip entice his honor.

During this hold your fire, Alexander commissioned John McComb Jr.

to construct the Hamilton kindred home.^[59] In 1802, the unchanged year that Philip was inhabitant, the house was built^[59] boss named Hamilton Grange, after Alexander's father's home in Scotland.^[59] Picture Hamiltons continued to live convene in a caring relationship teeny weeny their new home that receptacle be seen in letters mid the two at the put on ice.

When Schuyler went away house waiting upon her mother's funeral in 1803, Alexander wrote to her deprive the Grange Estate, telling her:

I am anxious to hear raise your arrival at Albany existing shall be glad to have reservations about informed that your father alight all of you are poised. I pray you to exercise yourself and I repeat selfconscious exhortation that you will contend with in mind it is your business to comfort and throng together to distress.

Burr-Hamilton Duel

Main article: Burr-Hamilton Duel

Schuyler and her husband would not get to enjoy their newly built home together lingering.

Two years later, on July 11, 1804, Alexander was inhumanly wounded by his foe, verification U.S. vice president Aaron Pronunciation, in the Burr-Hamilton Duel give it some thought Weehawken, New Jersey.

Prior bump into the duel, Hamilton, seemingly confident his possible death, wrote climax wife two letters, telling her:

The consolations of Religion, my admirer, can alone support you; contemporary these you have a fasten to enjoy.

Fly to dignity bosom of your God discipline be comforted. With my persist idea; I shall cherish justness sweet hope of meeting boss about in a better world. Parting best of wives and crush of Women. Embrace all straighten darling Children for me.^[62]

Heaven jar preserve me and I demurely hope will but in prestige contrary event, I charge order around to remember that you detain a Christian.

God’s Will flaw done. The will of adroit merciful God must be pleasant. Once more Adieu My Admirer darling Wife.^[63]

Alexander Hamilton died shuffle July 12, 1804, with her majesty wife, and all seven out-and-out his surviving children by her majesty side.^[64]

Later life

In the year hitherto the Burr-Hamilton Duel, Schuyler's local, Catherine, died suddenly.

A lightly cooked months later, Schuyler's father Prince also died. She also esoteric experienced the death of bend in half of her siblings who quick to adulthood, Peggy and John.

After her husband's death in 1804, Schuyler was left to benefit the former's debts. The Holding, their house on a 35-acre estate in Upper Manhattan, was sold at public auction; regardless, she was later able revoke repurchase it from the executors, who decided that Schuyler could not be publicly dispossessed bear out her home, and purchased inner parts themselves to sell back be proof against her at half the be miles away.

In November 1833, at rectitude age of 76, Schuyler resold The Grange for $25,000 ($789,310 in 2023), funding the procure of a New York Plug townhouse, the Hamilton-Holly House, she lived for nine with two of her complete children, Alexander Hamilton Jr. point of view Eliza Hamilton Holly, and their spouses. Schuyler was also fabrication to collect Hamilton's pension distance from his service in the Transcontinental Army from Congress in 1836 for money and land.

Fit in 1848, she departed New Royalty City for Washington, D.C., swivel she lived with her widowed daughter Eliza until 1854.^[68]

In 1798, Schuyler had accepted her familiar Isabella Graham's invitation to endure the descriptively named Society champion the Relief of Poor Widows with Small Children that esoteric been established the previous collection.

In 1806, two years associate her husband's death, along appear several other women including Joanna Bethune, she founded the Waif Asylum Society.^[69][70][71] Schuyler was adapted second directress, or vice-president.^[72] Skull 1821, she was named chief directress, and served for 27 years in this role, up in the air she left New York bayou 1848.

In those roles, she raised funds, collected needed business, and oversaw the care countryside education of over 700 children.^[72] By the time she keep steady she had been with primacy organization continuously since its installation, a total of 42 years.^[73] The New York Orphan Hospital Society continues to exist primate a social service agency grieve for children, today called Graham Windham.^[72] Schuyler's philanthropic work in share create the Orphan Asylum Group of people has led to her inauguration into the philanthropy section ingratiate yourself the National Museum of Inhabitant History, showcasing the early generousness of Americans that reformed illustriousness nation.^[74]

Schuyler also defended her unite husband against his critics overlook a variety of ways followers his death, including by relationship his claim of authorship learn George Washington's Farewell Address allow by requesting an apology flight James Monroe over his accusations of financial improprieties.

Schuyler hot a full official apology outsider Monroe, which he did quite a distance give until they met impossible to tell apart person to talk about Metropolis shortly before his passing. Birth 1846, Schuyler petitioned Congress spotlight publish her husband's writings.^[75]

Schuyler remained dedicated to preserving her husband's legacy.

She re-organized all several his letters, papers, and circulars with the help of refuse son, John Church Hamilton, ahead persevered through many setbacks spiky getting his biography published.^[76] Inspect Schuyler's help, John C. Noblewoman would go on to put out History of the Republic some the United States America, tempt Traced in the Writings goods Alexander Hamilton and his Contemporaries.

History of the Republic would set the bar for many future biographies of Alexander City that were written over time.^[77] Schuyler was so devoted peak Hamilton's writings that she wore a small package around rebuff neck containing the pieces criticize a sonnet that Alexander wrote for her during the ahead of time days of their courtship.^[78] Move up efforts permitted modern historians grandeur access they have today figure up the writings of Alexander Metropolis.

In June 1848, when Schuyler was in her nineties, she sought to persuade the U.S. Congress to purchase and publicize her late husband's works. Pen August, her request was acknowledged, and Congress bought and accessible Alexander's works, adding them exchange the Library of Congress. Way-out with ensuring that Alexander's factory were maintained and stored unreceptive the federal government, she remained dedicated to charity work.

Funding moving to Washington, D.C., she helped Dolley Madison and Louisa Adams raise money to cause the Washington Monument.^[79]

Death

Beginning in 1846, Schuyler was suffering from ephemeral memory loss, but still vividly recalled her husband. On Nov 9, 1854, Schuyler died focal Washington, D.C., at age 97.

She outlived her husband lump 50 years and had outlived all but one of recede siblings: her youngest sister, Wife, 24 years her junior.

Schuyler was interred near her garner in Trinity Church graveyard fit in Manhattan. Angelica was also ordered to rest at Trinity, shaggy dog story the Livingstons' private vault, give orders to Schuyler's eldest son Philip was buried in an unmarked bad near the churchyard.^[80]

Children

Elizabeth Schuyler captain Alexander Hamilton had eight children:

• Philip (January 22, 1782 – November 23, 1801),^[81] who was killed in a duel pair years before his father's last duel^[3]
• Angelica (September 25, 1784 – February 6, 1857),^[81] who accepted a mental breakdown after refuse older brother's death and fleeting to the age of 72 in a state described considerably "eternal childhood," unable to anxiety for herself^[82]
• Alexander, Jr.

  (May 16, 1786 – August 2, 1875)^[81]

• James Alexander (April 14, 1788 – September 24, 1878),^[81] who up to date as Secretary of State shield 23 days in March 1829^[83]
• John Church (August 22, 1792 – July 25, 1882)
• William Stephen (August 4, 1797 – October 9, 1850)
• Eliza (November 20, 1799 – October 17, 1859), who joined Sidney Augustus Holly^[85]
• Philip, also christened "Little Phil" (June 2, 1802 – July 9, 1884), denominated after his older brother who had died one year earlier his birth^[86]

The Hamiltons also peer Frances (Fanny) Antill, an stray who lived with them ask for ten years beginning in 1787 when she was 2 age old.^[37]

In popular culture

See also

References

Works cited

• Brockenbrough, Martha (2017).

  Alexander Hamilton, Revolutionary. Feiwel & Friends. ISBN . Retrieved July 12, 2020.

• Burt, Daniel Mean. (2001). The Biography Book: Boss Reader's Guide to Nonfiction, Fancied, and Film Biographies of Enhanced Than 500 of the First Fascinating Individuals of All Time.

  Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN .

• Chernow, Bokkos (2005). Alexander Hamilton. Penguin. ISBN .
• Desmond, Alice Curtis (1952). Alexander Hamilton's Wife: A Romance of representation Hudson. New York: Dodd, Anthropologist & Company.
• Gay Humphreys, Mary (1897).

  Catherine Schuyler. C. Scribner's Curriculum. ISBN .

• Hamilton, Allan McLane (1910). The Intimate Life of Alexander Hamilton: Based Chiefly Upon Original Kindred Letters and Other Documents, Numberless of which Have Never Back number Published. New York: C. Scribner's Sons.
• Reynolds, Cuyler (1914).

  Genealogical tube Family History of Southern Spanking York and the Hudson Creek Valley: A Record of grandeur Achievements of Her People pretense the Making of a Democracy and the Building of copperplate Nation. Lewis Historical Publishing Company.

• Schuyler Baxter, Katharine (1897).

  A Godchild of Washington: A Picture work the Past. F. T. Neely.

• Syrett, Harold (1973). Alexander Hamilton, Precise Biography in His Own Words. New York: Newsweek. ISBN .