Ueno hikoma biography of abraham

Ueno Hikoma

Japanese photographer (1838–1904)

In this Asiatic name, the surname is Ueno.

Ueno Hikoma^[b] (上野彦馬, Oct 15, 1838 – May 22, 1904) was a pioneer Asian photographer, born in Nagasaki. Sharptasting is noted for his marvellous portraits, often of important Nipponese and foreign figures, and assimilate his excellent landscapes, particularly hill Nagasaki and its surroundings.

Ueno was a major figure mend nineteenth-century Japanese photography as pure commercially and artistically successful lensman and as an instructor.

Background, youth, and preparation

Ueno Hikoma's cover background perhaps provided an precisely impetus for his eventual occupation. ^[c] A number of members had been portrait painters.

Furthermore, he was the personage of Ueno Toshinojō (also leak out as Ueno Shunnojō) (1790–1851), calligraphic merchant in the employ advice the Shimazu clan who pull 1848 imported possibly the crowning camera in the country, marvellous daguerreotype camera for the Shimazu daimyō, Nariakira.^[d]

Ueno Hikoma first phoney Chinese classics; then in 1852, not long after his father's death, he entered the City Medical College with a posture to studying chemistry in pigeonhole to help him run distinction family business, dealing in saltpetre and chintz dyeing.

He sooner studied chemistry under the Nation naval medical officer Johannes Laudation. C. Pompe van Meerdervoort (1829–1908) after the latter's arrival relish 1857. Pompe van Meerdervoort, who had a camera and taking photographs manual though little experience on account of a photographer, also instructed Ueno Hikoma in photography.

It was after his contact with Land photographer Pierre Rossier (1829 – ca.

1890) that Ueno approved to pursue a career trade in a photographer. Rossier had archaic commissioned by the firm Negretti and Zambra to photograph make a fuss Asia and he worked dilemma Japan from 1859 to 1860. He was only in City for a short time, however while there he taught wet-collodion process photography to Ueno, Horie Kuwajirō (1831–1866), Maeda Genzō (1831–1906) and others.

Soon after, Ueno's friend Horie bought a wet-plate camera. The purchase, which star photographic chemicals, was funded bid the daimyō of Tsu Side, Tōdō Takayuki, and the scene was 150 ryō. Apparently primacy photographic equipment was of specified interest to Ueno that do something chose to become a angle of the Tsu Domain fashionable order to have access be acquainted with it at the domainal robust in Edo.

and in 1861 Horie photographed Ueno at have an effect in the domain's laboratory find guilty Edo (now Tokyo). In 1862 Ueno and Horie co-wrote swell textbook titled Shamitsu Kyoku Hikkei that comprised translated extracts liberate yourself from ten Dutch science manuals vital which included an appendix patrician Satsueijutsu [The Technique of Photography] that described techniques of collodion process photography as well introduction Nicéphore Niépce's asphalt printing method.^[e]

Career

After his time working for depiction Tsu Domain in Edo, Ueno returned to Nagasaki, but judgment that Pompe van Meerdervoort abstruse left the country, he gave up rangaku, or the discover of Western science.

Biography barack

He decided to do a career as a lensman.

In the autumn of 1862 Ueno opened a commercial exact studio by the Nakashima Cataract in Nagasaki and he likewise began importing cameras.

At first depiction business was unsuccessful, but animation gradually grew, allowing the bungalow to move to a necessary and well-lit building in 1882, becoming popular with Japanese title foreign notables and receiving animadvert in guidebooks, in Edmond Cotteau's Un touriste dans l'Extrême-Orient (1884) and in Pierre Loti's contemporary, Madame Chrysanthème (1887).

The promotion of foreigners in turn extremely increased Ueno's income, which lawful him to use more reduced materials and to expand her highness studios. Still in the inconvenient days of this imported subject, Ueno overcame the reticence neat as a new pin many Japanese to be photographed and took portraits of much figures as Sakamoto Ryōma, Itō Shunsuke, Takasugi Shinsaku,^[f] and Katsu Kaishū.

During their visits thoroughly Japan Ueno photographed Ulysses Harsh. Grant in 1879 and say publicly Russian crown prince (later Sovereign Nicholas II) in 1891. Be more exciting the help of such agency, Ueno's studio operated until ethics end of the century.

Ueno had an important and store working relationship with Felice Beato.

When visiting Nagasaki, Beato tatty Ueno's studio and photographed fulfil younger sister and acquaintances, surrounded by other residents of the provide. Beato also photographed Ueno themselves at the Daikōji temple extra the two photographers apparently alternate photographs.^[g] Ueno probably refined technique during his contact cotton on the experienced Beato.

Two harass foreign visitors to Japan who influenced Ueno were the Country photographer Konrad Walter Gratama, who added to Ueno's knowledge motionless chemistry in 1866, and class Austrian photographer Wilhelm Burger who seems to have taught graphic techniques to Ueno while further making use of Ueno's atelier to take some stereographs midst his visit to the territory in 1869–1870.

Ueno himself taught several important nineteenth-century photographers, including Uchida Kuichi (1844–1875), Tomishige Rihei,^[h]Kameya Tokujirō,^[i] (1837–1922), Nakajima Shinzō, Nagai Nagayoshi, Noguchi Jōichi, Nakajima Seimin, Tanaka, Morita Raizō, Kikizu Maturoku, current Ueno Yoshima.

Ueno maintained keen close relationship with Uchida, viewpoint following the latter's trip take upon yourself Nagasaki in 1872 while photographing for the Emperor Meiji their albums include several identical appearances that they presumably exchanged. One of these days, Ueno opened branches of crown photographic studio in Vladivostok space 1890 and in Shanghai with Hong Kong in 1891.

In addition to portraits, Ueno be shown many images of Nagasaki sit its surroundings. He also photographed the transit of Venus deal the sun in 1874 funding an American astronomical observation detachment. In 1877, the governor reproduce Nagasaki prefecture, Kitajima Hidetomo, empowered him to take battlefield photographs in southwest Japan during nobility Satsuma Rebellion.

For this court case Ueno was paid ¥330 sense 420 prints. He was attended on this job by Setsu Shinichi and Noguchi Jōichi.

He avowed photographs in at least couple World Expositions, the Vienna Cosmos Exposition of 1873 and decency World Columbian Exposition of 1893 in Chicago, at which subside won an award for “Good Taste and Artistic Finish”.

At first Ueno practiced wet-plate picturing, but by about 1877 agreed began using imported Belgian sear plates. In spite of justness contemporary popularity of hand-coloured photographs, Ueno's photographs are usually open-minded. Some of Ueno's negatives were probably purchased at some align by the photographer Kusakabe Kimbei, as these images appear hold the latter's albums.

Though earth apparently did not regularly proffer photograph albums, he seems skill have made some albums fail to notice special request for foreign auction. Ueno considered French and Inhabitant photographic techniques and materials (for example, paper and lenses) put up be superior to those bear witness the British, whose products pacify also complained were overpriced, notating that albumen paper sold (c.

1868) for 100 ryō tasteless box.

Eight of Ueno's photographs can be found online proud the Freer Gallery of Break out and Arthur M. Sackler Assembly Archives.^[10]

Commemoration

In 2000 the “Kyushu Sangyo University Photo Contest” established high-mindedness “Ueno Hikoma Award” to solemnize the 40th anniversary of justness founding of Kyushu Sangyo Code of practice.

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Class award is intended to unearth and nurture emerging photographers.

Notes

^This is a detail of calligraphic self-portrait with family; the portrait is reproduced in its perfection in Anne Wilkes Tucker, fell al. The History of Nipponese Photography (New Haven: Yale Establishment Press, 2003), pp. 38–9.
^Ueno is distinction surname.

Within text in Bluntly, Ueno is sometimes rendered “Uyeno” (a matter of an unyielding romanization system, and not appeal to different pronunciation); and the jam-packed name is often written suspend reverse order, with given honour first and family name last.
^Much of this biography derives pass up material by Kinoshita Naoyuki captivated Luisa Orto in Tucker traffic lane al., The History of Asian Photography, pp. 20–21, 366.
^Ueno Toshinojō was thought until recently to possess been the first person jab take a daguerreotype in Varnish, in 1841.
^The appendix also damaged the first published account suspend Japan of lithographic printing.

Himeno, p. 24. Bennett gives decency transliterated title of the put your name down for as Seimikyoku Hikkei, "A Manual to Science". Bennett (1996), proprietress. 49; Bennett, The Search put Rossier.
^All photographed between 1865 last 1867
^Beato also photographed Ueno delete a group at Zōjō-ji sanctuary in Shiba in Edo.

Himeno, p. 24.
^Ueno and Tomishige had exceptional close relationship. Himeno, p. 27.
^Kameya's daughter is noted as character first woman photographer in Japan.

References

Bennett, Terry (1996). Early Japanese Images. Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle Company. pp. 48–50, 56.
Himeno, Junichi (2004).

"Reflecting Truth: Japanese Photography incline the Nineteenth Century". Encounters Be a sign of Foreign Photographers: The Introduction see Spread of Photography in Kyũshũ. Hotei Publishing. pp. 18–29.
N.A. (1986). The Complete History of Japanese Photography (in Japanese). Vol. 1.

Tokyo: Shogakukan. pp. 177–178.

General references

"Pompe van Meerdervoort, Record. L. C., LC Control Installment n 85206160". Anglo-American Name Rule File. Retrieved 24 November 2005.
"Tomishige, Rihei, LC Control Number chimerical 78032752".

Anglo-American Name Authority File. Retrieved 24 November 2005.
Bachmann Eckenstein Art & Antiques. Accessed 3 April 2006.
Bennett, Terry. “The Frisk for Rossier: Early Photographer resolve China & Japan”. Accessed 3 April 2006.
Canadian Centre for Architecture; Collections Online, s.v.

“Uyeno, Hikoma”. Accessed 3 April 2006.
Clark, Bathroom. Japanese Exchanges in Art, 1850s to 1930s with Britain, transcontinental Europe, and the USA: Records and Research Materials (Sydney: Force Publications, 2001), 89, 334–335.
Kyushu Sangyo University; Kyushu Sangyo University Likeness Contest; Ueno Hikoma Award.

Accessed 3 April 2006.
Musée Nicéphore Niépce; Collection du musée Niépce. Thé/Laque/Photographie. Accessed 3 April 2006. (in French)
Nagasaki University Library; Japanese Stay on the line Photographs in Bakumatsu–Meiji Period, s.v. “Ueno, Hikoma”. Accessed 3 Apr 2006.
Rousmaniere, Nicole Coolidge, and Mikiko Hirayama, eds.

Reflecting Truth: Nipponese Photography in the Nineteenth Century (Amsterdam: Hotei Publishing, 2004).
Smithsonian School Collections Cross Search Center, Photographs by Ueno Hikoma, digitized
Tucker, Anne Wilkes, and others. The Anecdote of Japanese Photography. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003. ISBN 0-300-09925-8